1. Global Water Distribution: The Reservoirs Earth’s water is constantly in motion, but at any given moment, the vast majority of it is stored in distinct reservoirs. Oceans (Saline): Contains 96.5% of all planetary water. Glaciers & Ice Caps (Fresh, Frozen): Contains 1.74% of total water; holds roughly 68.7% of all fresh water. Groundwater (Fresh & Saline): Contains 1.69% of total water; holds roughly 30.1% of all fresh water. Permafrost (Ground Ice): Contains 0.022% of total water. Atmosphere, Lakes, Rivers, and Biota (Fresh, Liquid/Vapor): Combined, these make up just under 0.015% of Earth's total water budget. 2. Upward Movement: Energy Input Processes The water cycle is an engine powered by two primary forces: solar radiation (which heats water and drives it upward) and gravity (which pulls it back down). The upward phase changes water from a liquid or solid into an atmospheric gas. A. Evaporation Evaporation occurs when solar energy heats the surface of liq...
1. Answer Key (Revise, Reflect, Refine) Question 1 Question: Meristematic tissues divide repeatedly. What property of their cells allows them to do this? (i) They have thick walls for protection. (ii) They contain large vacuoles that store nutrients. (iii) They have thin walls, dense cytoplasm and large prominent nucleus. (iv) They are functionally differentiated cells. Answer: (iii) They have thin walls, dense cytoplasm and large prominent nucleus. Explanation: These cytological characteristics allow continuous and rapid cell division. Question 2 Question: If a plant is unable to transport food from leaves to roots which tissue is malfunctioning? (i) Xylem (ii) Phloem (iii) Epidermis (iv) Sclerenchyma Answer: (ii) Phloem Explanation: Phloem transports food from leaves to other parts of the plant. ...